I wouldn't have penalty shootouts for domestic competitions, replays until decided for me. The game has famous occasions where multiple replays have been needed - the Liverpool/Arsenal semi as an example. I've no time for the extra fixtures those daft lower league comps create - get rid of those. For the top tier teams, their "fixture congestion" (if you can call 38 games congested) is due to European matches, and I didn't see any of them objecting to 6 extra games from a group instead of a knockout format. So tough, get on with it.
For international tournament football there has to be some kind of on the night decision, for obvious reasons. It's not easy to come up with good alternatives to penalties, but I've always been interested in the remove 1 player ever few minutes idea, it would be good to see how it might work. Also the dribble from halfway, bit more of a skill element involved, but at what point is it classed as being missed? if the keeper parries, do they play on, does he have to have hold of the ball for it to be deemed missed? Other than that, 11 penalties is fairer than the current system, and f you had one sent off you sacrifice one of your goes.