Unfortunately “professional” time wasting is and always has been part of the game and the biggest culprits are the goalkeepers who, ironically, get away with it most of the time. The main one being when they catch a ball, fall on the floor with it and spend about 30 seconds just looking round.
Petulance can be punished without the need for booking. A player commits a foul, picks the ball up and then runs about 5 yards or more with it before letting go. Then quite simply let the opposition take the free kick from where the ball has been dropped. A player walks 10 yards down the line from where a throw in should have been taken; instead of sending him back give the throw to the opposition. Bring in sin bins instead of a second yellow card but if a returning player commits another deliberate or unsavoury challenge then they go off.
You can argue that they then get too many chances but IMO they would soon learn to stop all the messing about